Refraction is rather complex, yet simple at the same time. Refraction is the "bending" of light, where light moves at a slower/faster speed in different mediums, hence causing an "illusion".
Firstly, if a light ray is travelling from an optically denser medium to an optically less dense medium, it will bend towards the normal. Secondly, if a light ray is travelling form an optically less dense medium to a optically denser medium, it will bend away from the normal.
This causes optical illusions, where a swimming pool looks shallower then it really is. Even though it may not seem very practical in real life, it is actually very related with our lives because we see things differently from what others see because of refraction
This is basically all you need to know about refraction, and it is basically all I learned about it. :)
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